/* SORT command and helper functions.
*
* Copyright (c) 2009-2012, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of Redis nor the names of its contributors may be used
* to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "redis.h"
#include "pqsort.h" /* Partial qsort for SORT+LIMIT */
#include <math.h> /* isnan() */
zskiplistNode* zslGetElementByRank(zskiplist *zsl, unsigned long rank);
redisSortOperation *createSortOperation(int type, robj *pattern) {
redisSortOperation *so = zmalloc(sizeof(*so));
so->type = type;
so->pattern = pattern;
return so;
}
/* Return the value associated to the key with a name obtained using
* the following rules:
*
* 1) The first occurrence of '*' in 'pattern' is substituted with 'subst'.
*
* 2) If 'pattern' matches the "->" string, everything on the left of
* the arrow is treated as the name of a hash field, and the part on the
* left as the key name containing a hash. The value of the specified
* field is returned.
*
* 3) If 'pattern' equals "#", the function simply returns 'subst' itself so
* that the SORT command can be used like: SORT key GET # to retrieve
* the Set/List elements directly.
*
* The returned object will always have its refcount increased by 1
* when it is non-NULL. */
robj *lookupKeyByPattern(redisDb *db, robj *pattern, robj *subst) {
char *p, *f, *k;
sds spat, ssub;
robj *keyobj, *fieldobj = NULL, *o;
int prefixlen, sublen, postfixlen, fieldlen;
/* If the pattern is "#" return the substitution object itself in order
* to implement the "SORT ... GET #" feature. */
spat = pattern->ptr;
if (spat[0] == '#' && spat[1] == '\0') {
incrRefCount(subst);
return subst;
}
/* The substitution object may be specially encoded. If so we create
* a decoded object on the fly. Otherwise getDecodedObject will just
* increment the ref count, that we'll decrement later. */
subst = getDecodedObject(subst);
ssub = subst->ptr;
/* If we can't find '*' in the pattern we return NULL as to GET a
* fixed key does not make sense. */
p = strchr(spat,'*');
if (!p) {
decrRefCount(subst);
return NULL;
}
/* Find out if we're dealing with a hash dereference. */
if ((f = strstr(p+1, "->")) != NULL && *(f+2) != '\0') {
fieldlen = sdslen(spat)-(f-spat)-2;
fieldobj = createStringObject(f+2,fieldlen);
} else {
fieldlen = 0;
}
/* Perform the '*' substitution. */
prefixlen = p-spat;
sublen = sdslen(ssub);
postfixlen = sdslen(spat)-(prefixlen+1)-(fieldlen ? fieldlen+2 : 0);
keyobj = createStringObject(NULL,prefixlen+sublen+postfixlen);
k = keyobj->ptr;
memcpy(k,spat,prefixlen);
memcpy(k+prefixlen,ssub,sublen);
memcpy(k+prefixlen+sublen,p+1,postfixlen);
decrRefCount(subst); /* Incremented by decodeObject() */
/* Lookup substituted key */
o = lookupKeyRead(db,keyobj);
if (o == NULL) goto noobj;
if (fieldobj) {
if (o->type != REDIS_HASH) goto noobj;
/* Retrieve value from hash by the field name. This operation
* already increases the refcount of the returned object. */
o = hashTypeGetObject(o, fieldobj);
} else {
if (o->type != REDIS_STRING) goto noobj;
/* Every object that this function returns needs to have its refcount
* increased. sortCommand decreases it again. */
incrRefCount(o);
}
decrRefCount(keyobj);
if (fieldobj) decrRefCount(fieldobj);
return o;
noobj:
decrRefCount(keyobj);
if (fieldlen) decrRefCount(fieldobj);
return NULL;
}
/* sortCompare() is used by qsort in sortCommand(). Given that qsort_r with
* the additional parameter is not standard but a BSD-specific we have to
* pass sorting parameters via the global 'server' structure */
int sortCompare(const void *s1, const void *s2) {
const redisSortObject *so1 = s1, *so2 = s2;
int cmp;
if (!server.sort_alpha) {
/* Numeric sorting. Here it's trivial as we precomputed scores */
if (so1->u.score > so2->u.score) {
cmp = 1;
} else if (so1->u.score < so2->u.score) {
cmp = -1;
} else {
/* Objects have the same score, but we don't want the comparison
* to be undefined, so we compare objects lexicographically.
* This way the result of SORT is deterministic. */
cmp = compareStringObjects(so1->obj,so2->obj);
}
} else {
/* Alphanumeric sorting */
if (server.sort_bypattern) {
if (!so1->u.cmpobj || !so2->u.cmpobj) {
/* At least one compare object is NULL */
if (so1->u.cmpobj == so2->u.cmpobj)
cmp = 0;
else if (so1->u.cmpobj == NULL)
cmp = -1;
else
cmp = 1;
} else {
/* We have both the objects, compare them. */
if (server.sort_store) {
cmp = compareStringObjects(so1->u.cmpobj,so2->u.cmpobj);
} else {
/* Here we can use strcoll() directly as we are sure that
* the objects are decoded string objects. */
cmp = strcoll(so1->u.cmpobj->ptr,so2->u.cmpobj->ptr);
}
}
} else {
/* Compare elements directly. */
if (server.sort_store) {
cmp = compareStringObjects(so1->obj,so2->obj);
} else {
cmp = collateStringObjects(so1->obj,so2->obj);
}
}
}
return server.sort_desc ? -cmp : cmp;
}
/* The SORT command is the most complex command in Redis. Warning: this code
* is optimized for speed and a bit less for readability */
void sortCommand(redisClient *c) {
list *operations;
unsigned int outputlen = 0;
int desc = 0, alpha = 0;
long limit_start = 0, limit_count = -1, start, end;
int j, dontsort = 0, vectorlen;
int getop = 0; /* GET operation counter */
int int_convertion_error = 0;
int syntax_error = 0;
robj *sortval, *sortby = NULL, *storekey = NULL;
redisSortObject *vector; /* Resulting vector to sort */
/* Lookup the key to sort. It must be of the right types */
sortval = lookupKeyRead(c->db,c->argv[1]);
if (sortval && sortval->type != REDIS_SET &&
sortval->type != REDIS_LIST &&
sortval->type != REDIS_ZSET)
{
addReply(c,shared.wrongtypeerr);
return;
}
/* Create a list of operations to perform for every sorted element.
* Operations can be GET/DEL/INCR/DECR */
operations = listCreate();
listSetFreeMethod(operations,zfree);
j = 2; /* options start at argv[2] */
/* Now we need to protect sortval incrementing its count, in the future
* SORT may have options able to overwrite/delete keys during the sorting
* and the sorted key itself may get destroyed */
if (sortval)
incrRefCount(sortval);
else
sortval = createListObject();
/* The SORT command has an SQL-alike syntax, parse it */
while(j < c->argc) {
int leftargs = c->argc-j-1;
if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"asc")) {
desc = 0;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"desc")) {
desc = 1;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"alpha")) {
alpha = 1;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"limit") && leftargs >= 2) {
if ((getLongFromObjectOrReply(c, c->argv[j+1], &limit_start, NULL)
!= REDIS_OK) ||
(getLongFromObjectOrReply(c, c->argv[j+2], &limit_count, NULL)
!= REDIS_OK))
{
syntax_error++;
break;
}
j+=2;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"store") && leftargs >= 1) {
storekey = c->argv[j+1];
j++;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"by") && leftargs >= 1) {
sortby = c->argv[j+1];
/* If the BY pattern does not contain '*', i.e. it is constant,
* we don't need to sort nor to lookup the weight keys. */
if (strchr(c->argv[j+1]->ptr,'*') == NULL) {
dontsort = 1;
} else {
/* If BY is specified with a real patter, we can't accept
* it in cluster mode. */
if (server.cluster_enabled) {
addReplyError(c,"BY option of SORT denied in Cluster mode.");
syntax_error++;
break;
}
}
j++;
} else if (!strcasecmp(c->argv[j]->ptr,"get") && leftargs >= 1) {
if (server.cluster_enabled) {
addReplyError(c,"GET option of SORT denied in Cluster mode.");
syntax_error++;
break;
}
listAddNodeTail(operations,createSortOperation(
REDIS_SORT_GET,c->argv[j+1]));
getop++;
j++;
} else {
addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
syntax_error++;
break;
}
j++;
}
/* Handle syntax errors set during options parsing. */
if (syntax_error) {
decrRefCount(sortval);
listRelease(operations);
return;
}
/* When sorting a set with no sort specified, we must sort the output
* so the result is consistent across scripting and replication.
*
* The other types (list, sorted set) will retain their native order
* even if no sort order is requested, so they remain stable across
* scripting and replication. */
if (dontsort &&
sortval->type == REDIS_SET &&
(storekey || c->flags & REDIS_LUA_CLIENT))
{
/* Force ALPHA sorting */
dontsort = 0;
alpha = 1;
sortby = NULL;
}
/* Destructively convert encoded sorted sets for SORT. */
if (sortval->type == REDIS_ZSET)
zsetConvert(sortval, REDIS_ENCODING_SKIPLIST);
/* Objtain the length of the object to sort. */
switch(sortval->type) {
case REDIS_LIST: vectorlen = listTypeLength(sortval); break;
case REDIS_SET: vectorlen = setTypeSize(sortval); break;
case REDIS_ZSET: vectorlen = dictSize(((zset*)sortval->ptr)->dict); break;
default: vectorlen = 0; redisPanic("Bad SORT type"); /* Avoid GCC warning */
}
/* Perform LIMIT start,count sanity checking. */
start = (limit_start < 0) ? 0 : limit_start;
end = (limit_count < 0) ? vectorlen-1 : start+limit_count-1;
if (start >= vectorlen) {
start = vectorlen-1;
end = vectorlen-2;
}
if (end >= vectorlen) end = vectorlen-1;
/* Optimization:
*
* 1) if the object to sort is a sorted set.
* 2) There is nothing to sort as dontsort is true (BY <constant string>).
* 3) We have a LIMIT option that actually reduces the number of elements
* to fetch.
*
* In this case to load all the objects in the vector is a huge waste of
* resources. We just allocate a vector that is big enough for the selected
* range length, and make sure to load just this part in the vector. */
if (sortval->type == REDIS_ZSET &&
dontsort &&
(start != 0 || end != vectorlen-1))
{
vectorlen = end-start+1;
}
/* Load the sorting vector with all the objects to sort */
vector = zmalloc(sizeof(redisSortObject)*vectorlen);
j = 0;
if (sortval->type == REDIS_LIST) {
listTypeIterator *li = listTypeInitIterator(sortval,0,REDIS_TAIL);
listTypeEntry entry;
while(listTypeNext(li,&entry)) {
vector[j].obj = listTypeGet(&entry);
vector[j].u.score = 0;
vector[j].u.cmpobj = NULL;
j++;
}
listTypeReleaseIterator(li);
} else if (sortval->type == REDIS_SET) {
setTypeIterator *si = setTypeInitIterator(sortval);
robj *ele;
while((ele = setTypeNextObject(si)) != NULL) {
vector[j].obj = ele;
vector[j].u.score = 0;
vector[j].u.cmpobj = NULL;
j++;
}
setTypeReleaseIterator(si);
} else if (sortval->type == REDIS_ZSET && dontsort) {
/* Special handling for a sorted set, if 'dontsort' is true.
* This makes sure we return elements in the sorted set original
* ordering, accordingly to DESC / ASC options.
*
* Note that in this case we also handle LIMIT here in a direct
* way, just getting the required range, as an optimization. */
zset *zs = sortval->ptr;
zskiplist *zsl = zs->zsl;
zskiplistNode *ln;
robj *ele;
int rangelen = vectorlen;
/* Check if starting point is trivial, before doing log(N) lookup. */
if (desc) {
long zsetlen = dictSize(((zset*)sortval->ptr)->dict);
ln = zsl->tail;
if (start > 0)
ln = zslGetElementByRank(zsl,zsetlen-start);
} else {
ln = zsl->header->level[0].forward;
if (start > 0)
ln = zslGetElementByRank(zsl,start+1);
}
while(rangelen--) {
redisAssertWithInfo(c,sortval,ln != NULL);
ele = ln->obj;
vector[j].obj = ele;
vector[j].u.score = 0;
vector[j].u.cmpobj = NULL;
j++;
ln = desc ? ln->backward : ln->level[0].forward;
}
/* The code producing the output does not know that in the case of
* sorted set, 'dontsort', and LIMIT, we are able to get just the
* range, already sorted, so we need to adjust "start" and "end"
* to make sure start is set to 0. */
end -= start;
start = 0;
} else if (sortval->type == REDIS_ZSET) {
dict *set = ((zset*)sortval->ptr)->dict;
dictIterator *di;
dictEntry *setele;
di = dictGetIterator(set);
while((setele = dictNext(di)) != NULL) {
vector[j].obj = dictGetKey(setele);
vector[j].u.score = 0;
vector[j].u.cmpobj = NULL;
j++;
}
dictReleaseIterator(di);
} else {
redisPanic("Unknown type");
}
redisAssertWithInfo(c,sortval,j == vectorlen);
/* Now it's time to load the right scores in the sorting vector */
if (dontsort == 0) {
for (j = 0; j < vectorlen; j++) {
robj *byval;
if (sortby) {
/* lookup value to sort by */
byval = lookupKeyByPattern(c->db,sortby,vector[j].obj);
if (!byval) continue;
} else {
/* use object itself to sort by */
byval = vector[j].obj;
}
if (alpha) {
if (sortby) vector[j].u.cmpobj = getDecodedObject(byval);
} else {
if (sdsEncodedObject(byval)) {
char *eptr;
vector[j].u.score = strtod(byval->ptr,&eptr);
if (eptr[0] != '\0' || errno == ERANGE ||
isnan(vector[j].u.score))
{
int_convertion_error = 1;
}
} else if (byval->encoding == REDIS_ENCODING_INT) {
/* Don't need to decode the object if it's
* integer-encoded (the only encoding supported) so
* far. We can just cast it */
vector[j].u.score = (long)byval->ptr;
} else {
redisAssertWithInfo(c,sortval,1 != 1);
}
}
/* when the object was retrieved using lookupKeyByPattern,
* its refcount needs to be decreased. */
if (sortby) {
decrRefCount(byval);
}
}
}
if (dontsort == 0) {
server.sort_desc = desc;
server.sort_alpha = alpha;
server.sort_bypattern = sortby ? 1 : 0;
server.sort_store = storekey ? 1 : 0;
if (sortby && (start != 0 || end != vectorlen-1))
pqsort(vector,vectorlen,sizeof(redisSortObject),sortCompare, start,end);
else
qsort(vector,vectorlen,sizeof(redisSortObject),sortCompare);
}
/* Send command output to the output buffer, performing the specified
* GET/DEL/INCR/DECR operations if any. */
outputlen = getop ? getop*(end-start+1) : end-start+1;
if (int_convertion_error) {
addReplyError(c,"One or more scores can't be converted into double");
} else if (storekey == NULL) {
/* STORE option not specified, sent the sorting result to client */
addReplyMultiBulkLen(c,outputlen);
for (j = start; j <= end; j++) {
listNode *ln;
listIter li;
if (!getop) addReplyBulk(c,vector[j].obj);
listRewind(operations,&li);
while((ln = listNext(&li))) {
redisSortOperation *sop = ln->value;
robj *val = lookupKeyByPattern(c->db,sop->pattern,
vector[j].obj);
if (sop->type == REDIS_SORT_GET) {
if (!val) {
addReply(c,shared.nullbulk);
} else {
addReplyBulk(c,val);
decrRefCount(val);
}
} else {
/* Always fails */
redisAssertWithInfo(c,sortval,sop->type == REDIS_SORT_GET);
}
}
}
} else {
robj *sobj = createZiplistObject();
/* STORE option specified, set the sorting result as a List object */
for (j = start; j <= end; j++) {
listNode *ln;
listIter li;
if (!getop) {
listTypePush(sobj,vector[j].obj,REDIS_TAIL);
} else {
listRewind(operations,&li);
while((ln = listNext(&li))) {
redisSortOperation *sop = ln->value;
robj *val = lookupKeyByPattern(c->db,sop->pattern,
vector[j].obj);
if (sop->type == REDIS_SORT_GET) {
if (!val) val = createStringObject("",0);
/* listTypePush does an incrRefCount, so we should take care
* care of the incremented refcount caused by either
* lookupKeyByPattern or createStringObject("",0) */
listTypePush(sobj,val,REDIS_TAIL);
decrRefCount(val);
} else {
/* Always fails */
redisAssertWithInfo(c,sortval,sop->type == REDIS_SORT_GET);
}
}
}
}
if (outputlen) {
setKey(c->db,storekey,sobj);
notifyKeyspaceEvent(REDIS_NOTIFY_LIST,"sortstore",storekey,
c->db->id);
server.dirty += outputlen;
} else if (dbDelete(c->db,storekey)) {
signalModifiedKey(c->db,storekey);
notifyKeyspaceEvent(REDIS_NOTIFY_GENERIC,"del",storekey,c->db->id);
server.dirty++;
}
decrRefCount(sobj);
addReplyLongLong(c,outputlen);
}
/* Cleanup */
if (sortval->type == REDIS_LIST || sortval->type == REDIS_SET)
for (j = 0; j < vectorlen; j++)
decrRefCount(vector[j].obj);
decrRefCount(sortval);
listRelease(operations);
for (j = 0; j < vectorlen; j++) {
if (alpha && vector[j].u.cmpobj)
decrRefCount(vector[j].u.cmpobj);
}
zfree(vector);
}