/* Redis CLI (command line interface)
*
* Copyright (c) 2009-2010, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of Redis nor the names of its contributors may be used
* to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "fmacros.h"
#include "version.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "hiredis.h"
#include "sds.h"
#include "zmalloc.h"
#include "linenoise.h"
#include "help.h"
#define REDIS_NOTUSED(V) ((void) V)
static redisContext *context;
static struct config {
char *hostip;
int hostport;
char *hostsocket;
long repeat;
long interval;
int dbnum;
int interactive;
int shutdown;
int monitor_mode;
int pubsub_mode;
int latency_mode;
int stdinarg; /* get last arg from stdin. (-x option) */
char *auth;
int raw_output; /* output mode per command */
sds mb_delim;
char prompt[32];
} config;
static void usage();
char *redisGitSHA1(void);
char *redisGitDirty(void);
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Utility functions
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static long long mstime(void) {
struct timeval tv;
long long mst;
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
mst = ((long)tv.tv_sec)*1000;
mst += tv.tv_usec/1000;
return mst;
}
static void cliRefreshPrompt(void) {
if (config.dbnum == 0)
snprintf(config.prompt,sizeof(config.prompt),"redis %s:%d> ",
config.hostip, config.hostport);
else
snprintf(config.prompt,sizeof(config.prompt),"redis %s:%d[%d]> ",
config.hostip, config.hostport, config.dbnum);
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Help functions
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#define CLI_HELP_COMMAND 1
#define CLI_HELP_GROUP 2
typedef struct {
int type;
int argc;
sds *argv;
sds full;
/* Only used for help on commands */
struct commandHelp *org;
} helpEntry;
static helpEntry *helpEntries;
static int helpEntriesLen;
static sds cliVersion() {
sds version;
version = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(), "%s", REDIS_VERSION);
/* Add git commit and working tree status when available */
if (strtoll(redisGitSHA1(),NULL,16)) {
version = sdscatprintf(version, " (git:%s", redisGitSHA1());
if (strtoll(redisGitDirty(),NULL,10))
version = sdscatprintf(version, "-dirty");
version = sdscat(version, ")");
}
return version;
}
static void cliInitHelp() {
int commandslen = sizeof(commandHelp)/sizeof(struct commandHelp);
int groupslen = sizeof(commandGroups)/sizeof(char*);
int i, len, pos = 0;
helpEntry tmp;
helpEntriesLen = len = commandslen+groupslen;
helpEntries = malloc(sizeof(helpEntry)*len);
for (i = 0; i < groupslen; i++) {
tmp.argc = 1;
tmp.argv = malloc(sizeof(sds));
tmp.argv[0] = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"@%s",commandGroups[i]);
tmp.full = tmp.argv[0];
tmp.type = CLI_HELP_GROUP;
tmp.org = NULL;
helpEntries[pos++] = tmp;
}
for (i = 0; i < commandslen; i++) {
tmp.argv = sdssplitargs(commandHelp[i].name,&tmp.argc);
tmp.full = sdsnew(commandHelp[i].name);
tmp.type = CLI_HELP_COMMAND;
tmp.org = &commandHelp[i];
helpEntries[pos++] = tmp;
}
}
/* Output command help to stdout. */
static void cliOutputCommandHelp(struct commandHelp *help, int group) {
printf("\r\n \x1b[1m%s\x1b[0m \x1b[90m%s\x1b[0m\r\n", help->name, help->params);
printf(" \x1b[33msummary:\x1b[0m %s\r\n", help->summary);
printf(" \x1b[33msince:\x1b[0m %s\r\n", help->since);
if (group) {
printf(" \x1b[33mgroup:\x1b[0m %s\r\n", commandGroups[help->group]);
}
}
/* Print generic help. */
static void cliOutputGenericHelp() {
sds version = cliVersion();
printf(
"redis-cli %s\r\n"
"Type: \"help @<group>\" to get a list of commands in <group>\r\n"
" \"help <command>\" for help on <command>\r\n"
" \"help <tab>\" to get a list of possible help topics\r\n"
" \"quit\" to exit\r\n",
version
);
sdsfree(version);
}
/* Output all command help, filtering by group or command name. */
static void cliOutputHelp(int argc, char **argv) {
int i, j, len;
int group = -1;
helpEntry *entry;
struct commandHelp *help;
if (argc == 0) {
cliOutputGenericHelp();
return;
} else if (argc > 0 && argv[0][0] == '@') {
len = sizeof(commandGroups)/sizeof(char*);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (strcasecmp(argv[0]+1,commandGroups[i]) == 0) {
group = i;
break;
}
}
}
assert(argc > 0);
for (i = 0; i < helpEntriesLen; i++) {
entry = &helpEntries[i];
if (entry->type != CLI_HELP_COMMAND) continue;
help = entry->org;
if (group == -1) {
/* Compare all arguments */
if (argc == entry->argc) {
for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
if (strcasecmp(argv[j],entry->argv[j]) != 0) break;
}
if (j == argc) {
cliOutputCommandHelp(help,1);
}
}
} else {
if (group == help->group) {
cliOutputCommandHelp(help,0);
}
}
}
printf("\r\n");
}
static void completionCallback(const char *buf, linenoiseCompletions *lc) {
size_t startpos = 0;
int mask;
int i;
size_t matchlen;
sds tmp;
if (strncasecmp(buf,"help ",5) == 0) {
startpos = 5;
while (isspace(buf[startpos])) startpos++;
mask = CLI_HELP_COMMAND | CLI_HELP_GROUP;
} else {
mask = CLI_HELP_COMMAND;
}
for (i = 0; i < helpEntriesLen; i++) {
if (!(helpEntries[i].type & mask)) continue;
matchlen = strlen(buf+startpos);
if (strncasecmp(buf+startpos,helpEntries[i].full,matchlen) == 0) {
tmp = sdsnewlen(buf,startpos);
tmp = sdscat(tmp,helpEntries[i].full);
linenoiseAddCompletion(lc,tmp);
sdsfree(tmp);
}
}
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Networking / parsing
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Send AUTH command to the server */
static int cliAuth() {
redisReply *reply;
if (config.auth == NULL) return REDIS_OK;
reply = redisCommand(context,"AUTH %s",config.auth);
if (reply != NULL) {
freeReplyObject(reply);
return REDIS_OK;
}
return REDIS_ERR;
}
/* Send SELECT dbnum to the server */
static int cliSelect() {
redisReply *reply;
if (config.dbnum == 0) return REDIS_OK;
reply = redisCommand(context,"SELECT %d",config.dbnum);
if (reply != NULL) {
freeReplyObject(reply);
return REDIS_OK;
}
return REDIS_ERR;
}
/* Connect to the client. If force is not zero the connection is performed
* even if there is already a connected socket. */
static int cliConnect(int force) {
if (context == NULL || force) {
if (context != NULL)
redisFree(context);
if (config.hostsocket == NULL) {
context = redisConnect(config.hostip,config.hostport);
} else {
context = redisConnectUnix(config.hostsocket);
}
if (context->err) {
fprintf(stderr,"Could not connect to Redis at ");
if (config.hostsocket == NULL)
fprintf(stderr,"%s:%d: %s\n",config.hostip,config.hostport,context->errstr);
else
fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",config.hostsocket,context->errstr);
redisFree(context);
context = NULL;
return REDIS_ERR;
}
/* Do AUTH and select the right DB. */
if (cliAuth() != REDIS_OK)
return REDIS_ERR;
if (cliSelect() != REDIS_OK)
return REDIS_ERR;
}
return REDIS_OK;
}
static void cliPrintContextError() {
if (context == NULL) return;
fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\n",context->errstr);
}
static sds cliFormatReplyTTY(redisReply *r, char *prefix) {
sds out = sdsempty();
switch (r->type) {
case REDIS_REPLY_ERROR:
out = sdscatprintf(out,"(error) %s\n", r->str);
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_STATUS:
out = sdscat(out,r->str);
out = sdscat(out,"\n");
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_INTEGER:
out = sdscatprintf(out,"(integer) %lld\n",r->integer);
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_STRING:
/* If you are producing output for the standard output we want
* a more interesting output with quoted characters and so forth */
out = sdscatrepr(out,r->str,r->len);
out = sdscat(out,"\n");
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_NIL:
out = sdscat(out,"(nil)\n");
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY:
if (r->elements == 0) {
out = sdscat(out,"(empty list or set)\n");
} else {
unsigned int i, idxlen = 0;
char _prefixlen[16];
char _prefixfmt[16];
sds _prefix;
sds tmp;
/* Calculate chars needed to represent the largest index */
i = r->elements;
do {
idxlen++;
i /= 10;
} while(i);
/* Prefix for nested multi bulks should grow with idxlen+2 spaces */
memset(_prefixlen,' ',idxlen+2);
_prefixlen[idxlen+2] = '\0';
_prefix = sdscat(sdsnew(prefix),_prefixlen);
/* Setup prefix format for every entry */
snprintf(_prefixfmt,sizeof(_prefixfmt),"%%s%%%dd) ",idxlen);
for (i = 0; i < r->elements; i++) {
/* Don't use the prefix for the first element, as the parent
* caller already prepended the index number. */
out = sdscatprintf(out,_prefixfmt,i == 0 ? "" : prefix,i+1);
/* Format the multi bulk entry */
tmp = cliFormatReplyTTY(r->element[i],_prefix);
out = sdscatlen(out,tmp,sdslen(tmp));
sdsfree(tmp);
}
sdsfree(_prefix);
}
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unknown reply type: %d\n", r->type);
exit(1);
}
return out;
}
static sds cliFormatReplyRaw(redisReply *r) {
sds out = sdsempty(), tmp;
size_t i;
switch (r->type) {
case REDIS_REPLY_NIL:
/* Nothing... */
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_ERROR:
out = sdscatlen(out,r->str,r->len);
out = sdscatlen(out,"\n",1);
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_STATUS:
case REDIS_REPLY_STRING:
out = sdscatlen(out,r->str,r->len);
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_INTEGER:
out = sdscatprintf(out,"%lld",r->integer);
break;
case REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY:
for (i = 0; i < r->elements; i++) {
if (i > 0) out = sdscat(out,config.mb_delim);
tmp = cliFormatReplyRaw(r->element[i]);
out = sdscatlen(out,tmp,sdslen(tmp));
sdsfree(tmp);
}
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unknown reply type: %d\n", r->type);
exit(1);
}
return out;
}
static int cliReadReply(int output_raw_strings) {
void *_reply;
redisReply *reply;
sds out;
if (redisGetReply(context,&_reply) != REDIS_OK) {
if (config.shutdown)
return REDIS_OK;
if (config.interactive) {
/* Filter cases where we should reconnect */
if (context->err == REDIS_ERR_IO && errno == ECONNRESET)
return REDIS_ERR;
if (context->err == REDIS_ERR_EOF)
return REDIS_ERR;
}
cliPrintContextError();
exit(1);
return REDIS_ERR; /* avoid compiler warning */
}
reply = (redisReply*)_reply;
if (output_raw_strings) {
out = cliFormatReplyRaw(reply);
} else {
if (config.raw_output) {
out = cliFormatReplyRaw(reply);
out = sdscat(out,"\n");
} else {
out = cliFormatReplyTTY(reply,"");
}
}
fwrite(out,sdslen(out),1,stdout);
sdsfree(out);
freeReplyObject(reply);
return REDIS_OK;
}
static int cliSendCommand(int argc, char **argv, int repeat) {
char *command = argv[0];
size_t *argvlen;
int j, output_raw;
if (context == NULL) return REDIS_ERR;
output_raw = 0;
if (!strcasecmp(command,"info") ||
(argc == 2 && !strcasecmp(command,"cluster") &&
(!strcasecmp(argv[1],"nodes") ||
!strcasecmp(argv[1],"info"))) ||
(argc == 2 && !strcasecmp(command,"client") &&
!strcasecmp(argv[1],"list")))
{
output_raw = 1;
}
if (!strcasecmp(command,"help") || !strcasecmp(command,"?")) {
cliOutputHelp(--argc, ++argv);
return REDIS_OK;
}
if (!strcasecmp(command,"shutdown")) config.shutdown = 1;
if (!strcasecmp(command,"monitor")) config.monitor_mode = 1;
if (!strcasecmp(command,"subscribe") ||
!strcasecmp(command,"psubscribe")) config.pubsub_mode = 1;
/* Setup argument length */
argvlen = malloc(argc*sizeof(size_t));
for (j = 0; j < argc; j++)
argvlen[j] = sdslen(argv[j]);
while(repeat--) {
redisAppendCommandArgv(context,argc,(const char**)argv,argvlen);
while (config.monitor_mode) {
if (cliReadReply(output_raw) != REDIS_OK) exit(1);
fflush(stdout);
}
if (config.pubsub_mode) {
if (!config.raw_output)
printf("Reading messages... (press Ctrl-C to quit)\n");
while (1) {
if (cliReadReply(output_raw) != REDIS_OK) exit(1);
}
}
if (cliReadReply(output_raw) != REDIS_OK) {
free(argvlen);
return REDIS_ERR;
} else {
/* Store database number when SELECT was successfully executed. */
if (!strcasecmp(command,"select") && argc == 2) {
config.dbnum = atoi(argv[1]);
cliRefreshPrompt();
}
}
if (config.interval) usleep(config.interval);
fflush(stdout); /* Make it grep friendly */
}
free(argvlen);
return REDIS_OK;
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* User interface
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int parseOptions(int argc, char **argv) {
int i;
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
int lastarg = i==argc-1;
if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-h") && !lastarg) {
sdsfree(config.hostip);
config.hostip = sdsnew(argv[i+1]);
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-h") && lastarg) {
usage();
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"--help")) {
usage();
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-x")) {
config.stdinarg = 1;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-p") && !lastarg) {
config.hostport = atoi(argv[i+1]);
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-s") && !lastarg) {
config.hostsocket = argv[i+1];
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-r") && !lastarg) {
config.repeat = strtoll(argv[i+1],NULL,10);
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-i") && !lastarg) {
double seconds = atof(argv[i+1]);
config.interval = seconds*1000000;
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-n") && !lastarg) {
config.dbnum = atoi(argv[i+1]);
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-a") && !lastarg) {
config.auth = argv[i+1];
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"--raw")) {
config.raw_output = 1;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"--latency")) {
config.latency_mode = 1;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-d") && !lastarg) {
sdsfree(config.mb_delim);
config.mb_delim = sdsnew(argv[i+1]);
i++;
} else if (!strcmp(argv[i],"-v") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--version")) {
sds version = cliVersion();
printf("redis-cli %s\n", version);
sdsfree(version);
exit(0);
} else {
break;
}
}
return i;
}
static sds readArgFromStdin(void) {
char buf[1024];
sds arg = sdsempty();
while(1) {
int nread = read(fileno(stdin),buf,1024);
if (nread == 0) break;
else if (nread == -1) {
perror("Reading from standard input");
exit(1);
}
arg = sdscatlen(arg,buf,nread);
}
return arg;
}
static void usage() {
sds version = cliVersion();
fprintf(stderr,
"redis-cli %s\n"
"\n"
"Usage: redis-cli [OPTIONS] [cmd [arg [arg ...]]]\n"
" -h <hostname> Server hostname (default: 127.0.0.1)\n"
" -p <port> Server port (default: 6379)\n"
" -s <socket> Server socket (overrides hostname and port)\n"
" -a <password> Password to use when connecting to the server\n"
" -r <repeat> Execute specified command N times\n"
" -i <interval> When -r is used, waits <interval> seconds per command.\n"
" It is possible to specify sub-second times like -i 0.1.\n"
" -n <db> Database number\n"
" -x Read last argument from STDIN\n"
" -d <delimiter> Multi-bulk delimiter in for raw formatting (default: \\n)\n"
" --raw Use raw formatting for replies (default when STDOUT is not a tty)\n"
" --latency Enter a special mode continuously sampling latency.\n"
" --help Output this help and exit\n"
" --version Output version and exit\n"
"\n"
"Examples:\n"
" cat /etc/passwd | redis-cli -x set mypasswd\n"
" redis-cli get mypasswd\n"
" redis-cli -r 100 lpush mylist x\n"
" redis-cli -r 100 -i 1 info | grep used_memory_human:\n"
"\n"
"When no command is given, redis-cli starts in interactive mode.\n"
"Type \"help\" in interactive mode for information on available commands.\n"
"\n",
version);
sdsfree(version);
exit(1);
}
/* Turn the plain C strings into Sds strings */
static char **convertToSds(int count, char** args) {
int j;
char **sds = zmalloc(sizeof(char*)*count);
for(j = 0; j < count; j++)
sds[j] = sdsnew(args[j]);
return sds;
}
#define LINE_BUFLEN 4096
static void repl() {
sds historyfile = NULL;
int history = 0;
char *line;
int argc;
sds *argv;
config.interactive = 1;
linenoiseSetCompletionCallback(completionCallback);
/* Only use history when stdin is a tty. */
if (isatty(fileno(stdin))) {
history = 1;
if (getenv("HOME") != NULL) {
historyfile = sdscatprintf(sdsempty(),"%s/.rediscli_history",getenv("HOME"));
linenoiseHistoryLoad(historyfile);
}
}
cliRefreshPrompt();
while((line = linenoise(context ? config.prompt : "not connected> ")) != NULL) {
if (line[0] != '\0') {
argv = sdssplitargs(line,&argc);
if (history) linenoiseHistoryAdd(line);
if (historyfile) linenoiseHistorySave(historyfile);
if (argv == NULL) {
printf("Invalid argument(s)\n");
continue;
} else if (argc > 0) {
if (strcasecmp(argv[0],"quit") == 0 ||
strcasecmp(argv[0],"exit") == 0)
{
exit(0);
} else if (argc == 3 && !strcasecmp(argv[0],"connect")) {
sdsfree(config.hostip);
config.hostip = sdsnew(argv[1]);
config.hostport = atoi(argv[2]);
cliConnect(1);
} else if (argc == 1 && !strcasecmp(argv[0],"clear")) {
linenoiseClearScreen();
} else {
long long start_time = mstime(), elapsed;
int repeat, skipargs = 0;
repeat = atoi(argv[0]);
if (repeat) {
skipargs = 1;
} else {
repeat = 1;
}
if (cliSendCommand(argc-skipargs,argv+skipargs,repeat)
!= REDIS_OK)
{
cliConnect(1);
/* If we still cannot send the command print error.
* We'll try to reconnect the next time. */
if (cliSendCommand(argc-skipargs,argv+skipargs,repeat)
!= REDIS_OK)
cliPrintContextError();
}
elapsed = mstime()-start_time;
if (elapsed >= 500) {
printf("(%.2fs)\n",(double)elapsed/1000);
}
}
}
/* Free the argument vector */
while(argc--) sdsfree(argv[argc]);
zfree(argv);
}
/* linenoise() returns malloc-ed lines like readline() */
free(line);
}
exit(0);
}
static int noninteractive(int argc, char **argv) {
int retval = 0;
if (config.stdinarg) {
argv = zrealloc(argv, (argc+1)*sizeof(char*));
argv[argc] = readArgFromStdin();
retval = cliSendCommand(argc+1, argv, config.repeat);
} else {
/* stdin is probably a tty, can be tested with S_ISCHR(s.st_mode) */
retval = cliSendCommand(argc, argv, config.repeat);
}
return retval;
}
static void latencyMode(void) {
redisReply *reply;
long long start, latency, min, max, tot, count = 0;
double avg;
if (!context) exit(1);
while(1) {
start = mstime();
reply = redisCommand(context,"PING");
if (reply == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,"\nI/O error\n");
exit(1);
}
latency = mstime()-start;
freeReplyObject(reply);
count++;
if (count == 1) {
min = max = tot = latency;
avg = (double) latency;
} else {
if (latency < min) min = latency;
if (latency > max) max = latency;
avg = (double) tot/count;
}
printf("\x1b[0G\x1b[2Kmin: %lld, max: %lld, avg: %.2f (%lld samples)",
min, max, avg, count);
fflush(stdout);
usleep(10000);
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
int firstarg;
config.hostip = sdsnew("127.0.0.1");
config.hostport = 6379;
config.hostsocket = NULL;
config.repeat = 1;
config.interval = 0;
config.dbnum = 0;
config.interactive = 0;
config.shutdown = 0;
config.monitor_mode = 0;
config.pubsub_mode = 0;
config.latency_mode = 0;
config.stdinarg = 0;
config.auth = NULL;
config.raw_output = !isatty(fileno(stdout)) && (getenv("FAKETTY") == NULL);
config.mb_delim = sdsnew("\n");
cliInitHelp();
firstarg = parseOptions(argc,argv);
argc -= firstarg;
argv += firstarg;
/* Start in latency mode if appropriate */
if (config.latency_mode) {
cliConnect(0);
latencyMode();
}
/* Start interactive mode when no command is provided */
if (argc == 0) {
/* Note that in repl mode we don't abort on connection error.
* A new attempt will be performed for every command send. */
cliConnect(0);
repl();
}
/* Otherwise, we have some arguments to execute */
if (cliConnect(0) != REDIS_OK) exit(1);
return noninteractive(argc,convertToSds(argc,argv));
}